Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Module: M3Ts Technical English (GER B2.2) 1. procession, 1. group -  summer semester  2018 Professor:  Paul R. Williams Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Presentation names                               Hacer Çakir   Derya Biçici Ebru Gül       matriculation number:     s0563109          s0563190 s0564881

Iron Deficiency Group members: NameS: Hacer Çakir Derya BiÇici Ebru Gül matriculation number: 𝑠0563109 𝑠0563190 s0564881

28.11.2018 Outline 1. Introduction 2. Iron Deficiency 2.1Definition 2.2 Function and Meaning of iron in the body 2.3 Most common causes 2.4 symptoms 2.5 Therapy: 2.5.1 Therapy by diet change 2.5.1.1 Ferrous foods 2.5.1.2 Advantages of the form of therapy through diet change 2.5.1.3 Absorption of elemental iron or iron ions? 2.6 Iron status of Vegetarians 2.7 Are supplements necessary? 2.8 How much Iron is too much? 2.9 Iron overdose 2.10 Hindering factors 2.11 medicinal therapy 2.11.1 oral iron preparation 2.12.2 intravenous treatment of iron 2.12 Sourses

Definition Iron deficiency

one of the abundant metal on the earth science4fun.info/iron/ Definiton IRON chemical element one of the abundant metal on the earth can easily get rusted science4fun.info/iron/

Definition Iron Deficiency increased need amount of iron taken in decreased absorption Iron Deficiency

Function and meaning of iron in the body

Function and Meaning of iron component of hemoglobin responsible for oxygen transport energy supply in the cells http://www.leifiphysik.de/mechanik/druck-kolben-und-schweredruck/ausblick/blutdruck

The most common causes Heavy menstrual bleending Chronic bleending in the gastrointestinal tract in ulcers, tumours or varicose veins Donation of blood Accident or operation

Symptoms

Symptoms dizziness fatigue hair loss http://i.onmeda.de/gesund/schwindel2.jpg hair loss i.onmeda.de/relaunch/ausruhen-870x435.jpg

Therapy by diet change medicanal therapy

Ferrous Foods

Ferrous foods: Meat Blood sauges = 29,4 mg/100g (http://www.babciafoods.com/Blood-Sausage-Ring-Kaszanka-1-Ring-090- Lb_p_10660.html) Roastbeef = 3,2 mg/100g (http://www.mosshammer.at/produkt/schulterspitz/)

Ferrous foods: Fishy Oyster = 5,8 mg/100g Tuna = 1,2 mg/100g (https://www.essen-und-trinken.de/kochschule/80509-rtkl-video-kochschule-austern- vorbereiten) Tuna = 1,2 mg/100g (https://www.fitundgesund.at/spinat-ist-der-beste-eisenlieferant-artikel-42)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zrRlMGeBes Video

Ferrous foods: Spinach Raw spinach = 4,1 mg/100g Boiled spinach = 2,9 mg/100g (https://www.fitundgesund.at/spinat-ist-der-beste-eisenlieferant-artikel- 42)

Ferrous foods: Legumes Soybean = 8,6 mg/100g (https://www.amazon.de/Rapunzel-Sojabohnen-2er-Pack- 500/dp/B005PLZVGW) Lenses = 6,9mg/100g (https://www.eiweisshaltige-lebensmittel.info/rote-linsen/)

Ferrous foods: Vegetable Fennel = 2,5mg/100g (https://eatsmarter.de/ernaehrung/ernaehrungsmythen/fenchel-beruhigt- magen) Carrots = 1,7mg/100g (https://jordan-shopper.com/product/carrot/)

Ferrous foods: Fruit Currant = 1,2 mg/100g Mango = 1,2 mg/100g (https://eatsmarter.de/lexikon/warenkunde/obst/johannisbeeren) Mango = 1,2 mg/100g (https://www.google.de/search?hl=de&biw=1805&bih=1063&tbm=isc h&sa=1&ei=ijAyW9TRBoOwsAHy66bICQ&q=Mango&oq=Mango&gs_l =img.3..0l10.56001.57808.0.58211.7.7.0.0.0.0.288.965.0j1j3.4.0....0...1c.1. 64.img..3.4.961...0i67k1.0.kf_zG9OyLns#imgrc=kv2WBJcsmokIXM:)

Ferrous foods Ecommended daily allowance: Men Women Pregnant woman Nursing woman Children and teenagers 10 mg/day 10-15 mg/day 30 mg/day 20 mg/day 12-15 mg/day Ferrous foods  Ecommended daily allowance:

Advantages of the form of therapy through diet change The well-absorbed by the body 2-valent iron (the so-called heme iron) is found exclusively in animal products Plants, on the other hand, mainly supply the significantly less valuable 3-valent iron (non-heme iron) For comparison: heme iron is absorbed on average at 20-30%, non- heme iron only at 1-10%

Absorption of elemental iron or iron ions?

Absorption of elemental iron or iron ions divalent iron (heme iron) only in meat and fish especially in red meat trivalent iron in plant foods Legumes Vegetables dry fruits

Absorption of elemental iron or iron ions? https://www.google.de/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=imgres&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiQ-ICig_7bAhUHKFAKHRBKD2sQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FChlorophylle&psig=AOvVaw3ivCgLOlmHGCWffd59hnRO&ust=1530538719503199 https://www.google.de/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiBhOW2hP7bAhWDIVAKHUtJBWwQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikibooks. org%2Fwiki%2FStructural_Biochemistry%2FProtein_function%2FHemoglobin&psig=AOvVaw1_0y8iaNMJ272xeX7drQUF&ust=1530539050580701

Iron Status of Vegetarians greater population varied and balanced diet Vitamin C male vegetarians

Are supplements necessary? iron supplements Risk can impair muscle function and limit work capacity RDA (recommended dietary allowance )

How Much Iron is Too Much? Some research Iron deficiency anemia large amounts of iron

Iron Overdose Emergency situation

Hindering factors Substance Occurence (example) Phytate Cereal products, Corn, Rice, Whole grain products, Soy products Oxalate Spinach, Rhubarb, Cocoa Polyphenole Red wine, Grapes, Coffee

Hindering factors Diseases of the digestive tract - Gluten intolerancen - Chronic inflammatory bowel example Chrohns and ulcerative colitis - stomach ulcer or if stomach passage is too fast after gastric surgery

Hindering factors Taking medication - Laxativis - Deacidifying stomach remedies containing calcium, magnesium or aluminum - Cholesterol lowering or dehydrating agents - Agents for the treatment of urinary stones - Certain antibiotics or the treatment of bacterial diseases - Bisphosphonates

Medicinal therapy

Oral Iron supplements

Oral Iron supplements

Advantages and disadvantages of the oral iron supplements Advantages q Disadvantages better mood after taken side effects - upset stomach - vomiting - hartburn

Intravenous tratement of iron https://www.google.de/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiBhL2x54PcAhXQKFAKHXMhDbsQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzz.ch%2Fenergy_-drink_in_die_vene-1.1237365&psig=AOvVaw115KDxQrpfgs5400q7Rebl&ust=1530737412737307 http://www.eisen-mangel.ch/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Fotolia_53508271_S.jpg Intravenous tratement of iron

Intravenous treatment of iron (infusion of iron) advantages disadvantages - direct admission through the vein - not suitable for everyone - side effect: - alternative to oral intake a headache - total iron dose -> without lose allergic reaction

Sources

Sources https://science4fun.info/iron/ http://i.onmeda.de/gesund/schwindel2.jpg https://www.eatright.org/food/vitamins-and-supplements/types-of- vitamins-and-nutrients/iron   https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/hemoglobin_and_functions_of_ir on/   https://www.medicinenet.com/iron_and_iron_deficiency/article.htm http://www.leifiphysik.de/mechanik/druck-kolben-und- schweredruck/ausblick/blutdruck https://i.onmeda.de/relaunch/ausruhen-870x435.jpg

Sources https://www.fitforfun.de/gesundheit/chlorophyll-das-gruene-glueck- fuer-unsere-gesundheit-191195.html https://www.google.de/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjP6JiV7K3UAhVMKlAKHYboC9g QjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fde.123rf.com%2Fphoto_43833206_pillen-mit-eisen-fe-element-nahrungserganzungsmittel-vitamin-kapseln- 3d.html&psig=AFQjCNFKwN-m9VdQvlcCIWyt0nmbsdHmAQ&ust=1496997108354876 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2754511/ https://www.medicinenet.com/iron_and_iron_deficiency/article.htm https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/iron-deficiency-signs-symptoms www.dictionary.com/browse/de- https://www.fitforfun.de/gesundheit/chlorophyll-das-gruene-glueck-fuer-unsere-gesundheit-191195.html https://patient.info/health/iron-deficiency-low-iron-levels https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/iron+deficiency

Sources https://www.internisten-im- netz.de/krankheiten/eisenmangel/ursachen-risikofaktoren.html https://www.google.de/search?q=h%C3%A4ufigste+eisenhaltige+le bensmittel&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjKhLzmhe_ bAhVDDuwKHcuVCskQ_AUICygC&biw=1805&bih=1063#imgrc=iEUd 6qSO7VbddM: https://www.vital-fit-und-gesund.de/eisenhaltige-lebensmittel/ http://www.eiseninfo.de/eisenstoffwechsel.htm http://www.eisenmangel.de/was-ist-eisenmangel/eisenmangel- ursachen/geringe-eisenaufnahme https://www.eisenmangelnet.de/der-grosse-ernaehrungsplan.html https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/iron-deficiency-signs- symptoms https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/iron-deficiency- anemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355034

Sources (http://www.babciafoods.com/Blood-Sausage-Ring-Kaszanka-1-Ring-090-Lb_p_10660.html) Picture (http://www.mosshammer.at/produkt/schulterspitz/) Picture (https://www.essen-und-trinken.de/kochschule/80509-rtkl-video-kochschule-austern-vorbereiten) Picture (https://www.fitundgesund.at/spinat-ist-der-beste-eisenlieferant-artikel-42)Picture (https://www.fitundgesund.at/spinat-ist-der-beste-eisenlieferant-artikel-42) Picture (https://www.amazon.de/Rapunzel-Sojabohnen-2er-Pack-500/dp/B005PLZVGW) Picture (https://www.eiweisshaltige-lebensmittel.info/rote-linsen/) Picture (https://eatsmarter.de/ernaehrung/ernaehrungsmythen/fenchel-beruhigt-magen) Picture (https://jordan-shopper.com/product/carrot/) Picture (https://eatsmarter.de/lexikon/warenkunde/obst/johannisbeeren) Picture (https://www.google.de/search?hl=de&biw=1805&bih=1063&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=ijAyW9TRBoOwsAHy66bICQ&q= Mango&oq=Mango&gs_l=img.3..0l10.56001.57808.0.58211.7.7.0.0.0.0.288.965.0j1j3.4.0....0...1c.1.64.img..3.4.961...0i6 7k1.0.kf_zG9OyLns#imgrc=kv2WBJcsmokIXM:) Picture

Thank you for your attention