Ernährung in der Palliativmedizin

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 Präsentation transkript:

Ernährung in der Palliativmedizin

Patientenpräferenz: Überleben oder Lebensqualität. Voogt E et al Patientenpräferenz: Überleben oder Lebensqualität? Voogt E et al.: Attitudes of patients with incurable cancer toward medical treatment in the last phase of life. J Clin Oncol 23(9):2012-2019 Winkler EC et al.: Patient involvement in decisions to limit treatment: the crucial role of agreement between physician and patient. J Clin Oncol 27:2225-2230 Ein Drittel der Patienten präferiert Überlebenszeit (v.a. Männer und jüngere Patienten) Ein Drittel bevorzugt Lebensqualität Ein Drittel ist unentschieden Cave: intraindividuelle Fluktuationen

Verlust der Muskelmasse Murphy RA et al Verlust der Muskelmasse Murphy RA et al. Nutritional Intervention With Fish Oil Provides a Benefit Over Standard of Care for Weight and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Patients With Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Receiving. Cancer 2011;117:1775–82 Open label Studie mit Kontrollgruppe 59 Patienten mit Lungenkrebs unter Chemotherapie 2,2g/d EPA Endpunkte: Muskulatur und Fettgewebe im CT Ergebnis: 40 Patienten beendeten die Studie : 16 EPA und 24 Kontrollgruppe Gewichtsverlust in der Kontrollgruppe im Durchschnitt 2,3 kg Kein Gewichstverlust in der EPA-Gruppe 29% in der Kontrollgruppe hielten die Muskelmasse Patienten mit höchstem Anstieg der Plasma-EPA-Kozentration hatten den höchsten Zuwachs an Muskulatur

Parenterale Flüssigkeitsgabe am Lebensende Bruera E et al Parenterale Flüssigkeitsgabe am Lebensende Bruera E et al. Parenteral hydration in patients with advanced cancer: a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial; J Clin Oncol 2012;31:111-118 Randomisierte Studie 129 Patienten in 6 Hospizen Parenterale Flüssigkeitsgabe 1l NaCl/d oder Placebo (100ml NaCl) Endpunkte: Primär: Veränderungen in Fatigue, Myoklonus, Sedierung und Halluzinationen Sekundär: Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale, Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale, Nursing Delirium Assessment Scale, Unified Myoklonus Rating Scale, FACIT-F, Dehydration Assessment Scale, Kreatinin, Gesamtüberleben Ergebnis: Kein Unterschied

Dimensionen der Patientenzufriedenheit Hall JA, Michael C Dimensionen der Patientenzufriedenheit Hall JA, Michael C. What patients like about their medical care and how often they are asked: a meta-analysis of the satisfaction literature. Social Science and-Medicine, 27(9):935-939 Metaanalyse aus 221 Studien (in Klammern die Häufigkeit der Nennung) Menschlichkeit (65) Informationen (50) Gesamtqualität (45) Kompetenz (43) Gesamtzufriedenheit (43) Administration (28) Zugang (27) Kosten (18) Räumlichkeit (16) Ergebnis (6) Kontinuität der Behandlung (4) Berücksichtigung psychosozialer Probleme (3)

Kommunikation: BELIEF Dobbie AE et al Kommunikation: BELIEF Dobbie AE et al. The BELIEF Instrument: a preclinical teaching tool to elicit patients‘ health beliefs. Fam Med 2003;35:316-319 Beliefs about health (What caused your illness/problem?) Explanation (Why didit happen at this time?) Learn (Help me to understand your belief/opinion.) Impact (How is this illness/problem impacting your life?) Empathy (This must be very difficult for you.) Feelings (How are you feeling about it?)