From “Deutsch: Na Klar! 5th Edition”

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Präsentation transkript:

From “Deutsch: Na Klar! 5th Edition” Imperativ! From “Deutsch: Na Klar! 5th Edition”

Imperative – Imperativ! The Imperative is the verb form used to make requests and recommendations and to give instructions, advice, or commands. You are already familiar with imperative forms used in common classroom requests. Setz dich bitte! Hör gut zu! Sprich Deutsch! Nimm ein Blatt Papier! Mach das Licht an!

Formal Imperative The formal imperative is formed by inverting the subject (Sie) and the verb in the present tense. kommen (to come): Kommen Sie bald. fahren (to drive): Fahren Sie langsam! anrufen (to call): Rufen Sie mich an. sprechen (to speak): Sprechen Sie langsam! arbeiten (to work): Arbeiten Sie jetzt! sein (to be): Seien Sie freundlich. Note: The formal imperative has the same word order as a yes/no question; only puncutation or intonation identifies it as an imperative. The imperative of the verb sein is irregular.

Particles and bitte with the Imperative Requests or commands are often softened by adding the word bitte and particles such as doch and mal. Bitte can stand at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of the sentence. The particles doch and mal follow the imperative form. They have no English equivalent. Hören Sie bitte zu! Bitte nehmen Sie Platz. Kommen Sie doch heute vorbei. Rufen Sie mich mal an.

Informal Imperative The singular informal imperative is used for anyone you address with du. It is formed for most verbs simply by dropping the –st ending from the present-tense du-form of the verb. kommen: du kommst → Komm! anrufen: du rufst an → Ruf an! arbeiten: du arbeitest → Arbeite! sprechen: du sprichst → Sprich! nehmen: du nimmst → Nimm! Exception – sein: du bist → Sei!

Informal Imperative continued Verbs that show a vowel change from a to ä (or au to äu) in the present tense have no umlaut in the imperative. du fährst → Fahr! du läufst → Lauf!

The Plural Informal Imperative The plural informal imperative is used to request something from several persons whom you individually address with du. Kommt doch mal zu uns. (Why don’t you come see us.) Fahrt jetzt nach Hause. (Drive home now.) Gebt mir bitte etwas zu essen. (Please give me something to eat.) Seid doch ruhig! (Be quiet!) This imperative form is identical to the ihr-form of the present tense, but without the pronoun ihr.

Suggestions Suggestions can be made a couple of ways: Use the wir form of the verb followed by the word wir. Singen wir. (Let’s sing.) Gehen wir. (Let’s go.) Essen wir. (Let’s eat.) OR…Say “Lasst uns…” and then the wir form of the verb. Lasst uns singen. (Let’s sing.) Lasst uns gehen. (Let’s go.) Lasst uns essen. (Let’s eat.)

“Don’t!” - signs