Hans-Hermann Frese frese@zib.de Konrad-Zuse-Zentrum für Informationstechnik Berlin Takustraße 7 14195 Berlin-Dahlem

Konrad-Zuse-Zentrum für Informationstechnik in Berlin-Dahlem

Konrad-Zuse-Zentrum für Informationstechnik Berlin founded in 1984 by the Senate of Berlin: “Gesetz über das Zentrum für Informationstechnik (ZInfG)” “Dual Concept” SC: scientific computing CS: computer science & computer services ~200 staff members inclusive students and regular guests fast algorithms fast computers

The Roots: Konrad Zuse 1938: Zuse Z1, first programmable mechanical computer destroyed in World War II 1941: Zuse Z3, first programmable electromagnetic computer 2000 relays, 1/3 Flop/s Konrad Zuse 1920 - 1995 Z1 has many features of a modern computer: freely programmable separate memory control unit with micro sequencer floating point arithmetic

Konrad-Zuse Zentrum für Informationstechnik Berlin ZIB Konrad Zuse (middle) discussing the plans for the new ZIB building with the President and Vice President of ZIB

ZIB Management Peter Deuflhard (1986, President), Numerical Methods Freie Universität Berlin Martin Grötschel (1991, Vice-President), Discrete Methods Technische Universität Berlin Alexander Reinefeld (1998), Computer Science Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Henry Thieme (1990), Administration

ZIB Organisation Chart Verwaltungsrat Freie Universität Berlin (FUB) Humboldt-Universität Berlin (HU) Technische Universität Berlin (TUB) Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin (HMI) Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC) Senat von Berlin - Wissenschafts- und Wirtschaftsverwaltg Wissenschaftlicher Beirat W. Büttner München H.-J. Lichtfuß Berlin Th. Liebling Lausanne A.K. Louis Saarbrücken J. Römelt Leverkusen K.-V. von Schöning Berlin B. Winter Düsseldorf Zulassungsausschuß W. Koch Berlin V. Linke Berlin J. Manz Berlin F. Thiele Berlin D. Stauffer Köln U. Wolff Berlin L. Zülicke Potsdam President Peter Deuflhard Vice President Martin Grötschel Scientific Computing Peter Deuflhard Martin Grötschel Administration Henry Thieme Computer Science Alexander Reinefeld

Computer Science Research The Two Faces of ZIB CS Computer Services Supercomputing Services Cray T3E Mass Storage User Consulting efficient use of HPC networking Computer Science Research Architecture SAN interconnects Middleware distributed HPC computing resource management Demonstrator Applications bioinformatics

Internal Computer Services Computer Science A. Reinefeld Operating R. Götz Supercomputer Operation Accounting and Statistics Backup Services Internal Computer Services W. Pyszkalski High-Performance Computing H. Busch User Software Operating Systems WAN Management BRAIN Office User Consulting Computer Science Research A. Reinefeld Innovative Architectures System Software Benchmarking Metacomputing HW / SW Installation Service for Workstations and PCs Network Services LAN Management HW Laboratory

Delivered Computing Power Zeittafel CRAY-Rechner Datum System-Bezeichnung Taktrate Leistung Memory Bemerkungen 1984 Apr CRAY 1-M/1200 12.00 nsec 160 MFlop/s 8 MB Installation 1987 Jan CRAY 1-M/1200 12.00 nsec 160 MFlop/s 8 MB Abbau 1987 Jan CRAY X-MP/24 9.50 nsec 421 MFlop/s 32 MB Installation, COS bis 3.89 1988 Oct CRAY X-MP/24 9.50 nsec 421 MFlop/s 32 MB Installation SSD (1 GB) 1991 Sep CRAY Y-MP2E/164 6.00 nsec 333 MFlop/s 512 MB Installation als Fileserver 1992 Mar CRAY X-MP/28 8.50 nsec 470 MFlop/s 64 MB Austausch gegen X-MP/24 1992 Jul CRAY X-MP/216 8.50 nsec 470 MFlop/s 128 MB Ausbau Hauptspeicher 1993 Mar CRAY Y-MP2E/264 6.00 nsec 666 MFlop/s 512 MB 2. Prozessor 1994 Jan CRAY Y-MP4D/464 6.00 nsec 1.3 GFlop/s 512 MB Installation, Nachf. X-MP 1994 Nov CRAY T3D SC 192 6.66 nsec 28.1 GFlop/s 12 GB Installation, (150 MFlop/s) / PE 1994 Nov CRAY Y-MP4E/464 6.00 nsec 1.3 GFlop/s 512 MB Vorrechner T3D, integriert 1994 Nov CRAY Y-MP2E/264 6.00 nsec 666 MFlop/s 512 MB Abbau 1995 Sep CRAY J916/16-4096 10.00 nsec 3.1 GFlop/s 4 GB Installation 1995 Sep CRAY Y-MP4D/464 6.00 nsec 1.3 GFlop/s 512 MB Abbau 1995 Oct CRAY T3D SC 256 6.66 nsec 96 GFlop/s 16 GB Ausbau um 64 PE 1995 Dec CRAY J932/16-8192 10.00 nsec 3.1 GFlop/s 8 GB Austausch gegen J916 1997 Feb CRAY T3E LC 128-128 2.66 nsec 96 GFlop/s 16 GB Installation (128 + 8 PE) 1997 Sep CRAY T3E-900 LC 136-128 2.22 nsec 120 GFlop/s 17 GB Ausbau, Tausch (136+8 PE) 1998 Sep CRAY T3E-900 LC 208-128 2.22 nsec 182.8 GFlop/s 26 GB Ausbau, Tausch (208+8 PE) 1998 Sep CRAY T3D SC 256 6.66 nsec 96 GFlop/s 16 GB Abbau des ersten MPP-Systems 1998 Dec CRAY T3E-900 LC 256-128 2.22 nsec 230 GFlop/s 33 GB Ausbau, Tausch (256+16 PE) 1999 Sep CRAY T3E LC 384 2.22 nsec 402 GFlop/s 69 GB Ausbau (384+24 PE)

History Cray X-MP/24, 2 CPUs Cray T3D SC-256 1987(32 MB) - 1992(128 MB) – 1994: Cray X-MP/24, 2 CPUs 1 Gbyte/s high speed channel I/O subsystem with 2 PEs solid state storage: 128 MWords 421 MFlop/s 1994 (192 PEs) - 1995 (256 PEs) – 1998: Cray T3D SC-256 (TOP1 in Germany, 1994 – 1996) 128 MB / node 34 GFlop/s

Current Systems SGI Cray T3E, 384 (408) PEs 256 Alpha EV5.6 450 MHz 67 GB memory UNICOS/Mk F90, C, C++, HPF MPI, PVM, shmem 403 GFlop/s peak Cray J932/16 16 CPU J90, 100 MHz 8 GB shared memory UNICOS F90, C, C++ MPI, PVM, shmem 3 GFlop/s peak

Mass Storage @ ZIB Two StorageTek Robots for max. 12,0000 cassettes cassettes & drives 1999: 3000 Redwood cassettes, 8 x STK SD3 ACS drives capacity 50 GB bandwidth 15 MB/s mount/dismount: 45/45 s Ø positioning time: 53 s 2000: 700 STK 9840 “Eagle” cassettes, 4 x STK 9310 ACS drives capacity 20 GB bandwidth 10 MB/s mount/dismount: 13/11 s Ø positioning time: 11 s 2001: x TC60 cassettes (> 60 GB) >10 drives migration software: DMF (SGI/Cray) NetBackup (Veritas) Zeittafel STK-Bandroboter Datum System-Name Kapazität Bemerkungen 1991 Sep STK 4400 ACS 1.3 TB Installation Kassetten-System ACS4400, 6000 Kassetten, je 225 MB 1992 Oct STK 4400 ACS 2.6 TB Installation EXTENDED STORE + 2000 Kassetten 225MB 1993 Oct STK 4400 ACS 3.5 TB Austausch Tape-Controller / Compression Feature ICRC 1993 Nov STK 4400 ACS 7.0 TB Wechsel der Spur-Technik von 18 auf 36 1994 Feb Installation Magnetband Subsystem 4600 1994 Dec STK 4400 ACS Umwandlung EXTENDED STORE in aktives ASC-System 1994 Dec STK 4400 ACS 9.0 TB Erweiterung der Kapazität, 4000 Kassetten 3490E 1996 Jul STK 4400 ACS 40 TB Neu-Installation 4 SD3-Laufwerke + 500 50GB-Kassetten 1996 Oct Abbau Magnetband Subsystem 4600 1996 Nov STK 4400 ACS 60 TB Bezug Neubau, Erweiterung der LW- Kapazität, 2 SD3-Laufwerke 1997 Oct STK 4400 ACS 100 TB Erweiterung der LW-Kapazität, 2 SD3-Laufwerke / Netbackup-Service 1998 Feb STK 4400 ACS Erweiterung der LW-Kapazität, 2 SD3 Laufwerke 1998 Apr Installation 4 SNSM-Multiplexer (Cray J932, Cray T3E, SGI 200) 1998 Mai STK 4400 ACS 160 TB Erweiterung der Kasssetten-Kapazität, SD3 50 GByte / 10 Gbyte 1998 Jun STK 4400 ACS 160 TB Erweiterung der LW-Kapazität, 2 SD3 Laufwerke (10 LW SD3) 1998 Sep STK 4400 ACS 160 TB Einstellung des 36-Spur Aufzeichnungsverfahren

Mass Storage @ ZIB

Konrad-Zuse-Zentrum für Informationstechnik Berlin Cray T3E Cray J90 Tape Robot Operating Center

Power Users @ ZIB (2000) Physics & Astrophysics Chemistry Quantum Chromodynamics (Linke, FU; Müller-Preußker, HU, Schierholz, DESY Zeuthen) Dust formation on long-periodic variables (Sedlmayr, TU) Computational relativity and relativistic astrophysics (Seidel, AEI-MPG, Golm/Potsdam ) Chemistry Car-Parinello MD studies on metal surfaces (Christmann, FU) Ab initio calculations of transition metal enzymes (Lubitz, TU) Structure and reactivity of transition metal complexes (Schwarz, TU) Structure, dynamics and reactivity of large chemical systems (Sauer, HU) Quantum dynamics of molecules, clusters and adsorbate systems (Manz, FU) Fluid Dynamics LES and DNS in Complex Geometries (Thiele, TU; Kaltenbach, TU) Aerodynamic Design Simulation and Turbulence Modeling (Thiele, TU) Environmental Sciences Ocean Modeling (Kielmann, CAU Kiel) Climate-Middle Atmosphere Modeling (Labitzke, FU) LES for Atmospheric Flows (Raasch, Uni Hannover)

BRAIN+: Berlin Research Area Information Network (managed by ZIB)

NVV - Norddeutscher Vektorrechnerverbund Berlin, Niedersachsen, Schleswig-Holstein “Co-ordinated investement and co-operative use of HPC” Konrad-Zuse-Zentrum für Informationstechnik Berlin CRAY T3E-900/1200, 386 nodes (403 GFlop/s) CRAY J90, 16 nodes (3 GFlop/s) Universität Hannover, Niedersachsen Fujitsu VPP 300, 4 CPUs, 8 GB (8 GFlop/s peak) CRAY T3E-900 AC 20 (18 GFlop/s) Universität Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein CRAY T90, 4 CPUs, 1 GByte (7 GFlop/s) CRAY SV1, 20 CPUs J90se (4 GFlop/s) Cray T3E-1200 AC 18

HLRN = “High-Performance Computer North” consortium of six northern German states: Berlin Bremen Hamburg Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Niedersachsen Schleswig-Holstein extension of NVV 70 Mio. DM for HPC complex Berlin/Hannover German Wissenschaftsrat says: “most innovative project in science politics”