2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc. 2.3-1 Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs —Ich habe es.

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2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs —Ich habe es so gerne gelesen.

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs Das Perfekt, the present perfect tense, is a compound tense, made up of an auxiliary verb (haben or sein) and the past participle. Ich habe gesprochen. I have spoken./I was speaking./I spoke. Ich bin gegangen. I have gone./I was going./I went.

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs To form the past participle of regular (also called “weak”) verbs in the Perfekt, add ge– in front of the stem and –t to the end of the verb stem. When a cluster of consonants makes it difficult to pronounce the –t ending, add –et. parken ge + park + t geparkt arbeiten ge + arbeit + et gearbeitet atmen ge + atm + et geatmet regnen ge + regn + et geregnet

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs Past participles of some common regular verbs ärgern geärgert dauern gedauert haben gehabt heiraten geheiratet langweilen gelangweilt plaudern geplaudert sagen gesagt stoppen gestoppt teilen geteilt träumen geträumt trennen getrennt zeigen gezeigt

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs Most irregular (also called “strong”) verbs add ge– to the front of the verb and –en at the end, but the past participles for strong verbs vary greatly and must be memorized individually. Here are some verbs that take the auxiliary verb haben. Past participles of some irregular verbs with haben besuchen besucht denken gedacht finden gefunden geben gegeben sehen gesehen sprechen gesprochen stehen gestanden treffen getroffen

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs Hast du mit dem Bürgermeister deiner Stadt gesprochen? Have you spoken to the mayor of your town? Wir haben all die guten Museen besucht. We have visited all the good museums.

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs Use sein: with verbs that show a movement from one place to another: aussteigen, einsteigen, fahren, fallen, fliegen, gehen, kommen, laufen, reisen, umziehen....with verbs that show a change of condition: aufwachen, aufstehen, sterben, wachsen....with the following verbs: bleiben, gelingen, geschehen, passieren, sein, werden. Das Kind ist in der Stadt verloren gegangen. The child got lost in the city. Wir sind mit der U-Bahn gefahren. We rode the subway. Sie ist spät aufgewacht. She woke up late. Der Witwer ist gestorben. The widower died. Er ist zu Hause geblieben. He stayed at home. Es ist dunkel geworden. It got (became) dark.

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs Perfekt form of some verbs that take sein aussteigen ist ausgestiegen gehen ist gegangenlaufen ist gelaufen einsteigen ist eingestiegen gelingen ist gelungen sein ist gewesen fallen ist gefallen kommen ist gekommen werden ist geworden

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs Verbs with separable prefixes such as an–, ein–, um–, and vorbei– add ge– between the prefix and the stem. Past participles of some separable prefix verbs ankommen angekommeneinladen eingeladen anrufen angerufeneinsteigen eingestiegen einkaufen eingekauftvorbeifahren vorbeigefahren

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs Verbs with the inseparable prefixes (be–, ent–, er–, ge–, miss–, über–, unter–, ver–, vor–, and zer–) do not add ge– to the past participle. Past participles of some inseparable prefix verbs bekommen überqueren überquert verdienen verdient gefallen unterhalten vorbereiten vorbereitet

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs Verbs that end with –ieren do not add ge–, but do end in –t. An exception: verlieren; the past participle is verloren. amüsieren amüsiertdiskutieren diskutiert

2.3 Lektion 2 Zusammen leben STRUKTUREN © and ® 2012 Vista Higher Learning, Inc Das Perfekt ; separable and inseparable prefix verbs In German word order, the conjugated auxiliary verb always takes the second position in thesentence. The past participle always comes last. Der Polizist ist zum Polizeirevier gefahren. The policeman drove to the police station.