Relative clauses What is a relative clause?

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Relative clauses What is a relative clause? Clauses are parts of sentences separated by commas. A relative clause is the part of a sentence which relates to something in the previous clause. It begins with “who” or “which”; e.g. (i) “The man, who was a teacher, was friendly.” (ii) “I don’t like my school, which is too big.”

Relative clauses In German, the who or which will be der, die or das depending on the gender of the object being related to (if the object being related to is in the plural, the who or which will always be die). In e.g. (i) “The man, who was a teacher, was friendly”, “man” is what is being related to and the gender of “man” in German is masculine (der Mann). Therefore, the sentence in German is: (i) “Der Mann, der Lehrer war, war freundlich.” In e.g. (ii) “I don’t like my school, which is too big” “school” is what is being related to and the gender of “school” in German is feminine (die Schule). Therefore, the sentence in German is: (ii) “Ich mag nicht meine Schule, die zu groß ist.”

Relative clauses Have a look again at the two German sentences: (i) “Der Mann, der Lehrer war, war freundlich.” (ii) “Ich mag nicht meine Schule, die zu groß ist.” war war ist. As you can see, the “who” or “which” (der, die, das) in the relative clause sends the verb to the end of the relative clause. And if there is another clause after the relative clause, this begins with the verb (verb comma verb).

Relative clauses Now have a go at these: 1) Ich gehe jede Woche zur Turnhalle. Sie ist sehr teuer. 2) Wir haben in einem Hotel gewohnt. Es hat ein Freibad. 3) Stefan ist mit seiner Mutter gefahren. Sie heißt Marge. 4) Sie mag Kartoffeln. Sie isst Kartoffeln jeden Tag. 5) Hier ist meine Armbanduhr. Ich habe sie gestern verloren. 6) Ich komme mit dem Auto zur Schule. Das Auto ist sehr bequem. Ich gehe jede Woche zur Turnhalle, die sehr teuer ist. Wir haben in einem Hotel gewohnt, das ein Freibad hat. Stefan ist mit seiner Mutter gefahren, die Marge heißt. Sie mag Kartoffeln, die sie jeden Tag isst. Hier ist meine Armbanduhr, die ich gestern verloren habe . Ich komme mit dem Auto zur Schule, das sehr bequem ist.

Relative clauses Now try to translate these: 1) I go shopping in the town centre, which has lots of shops. 2) Next week you must see your teacher, who is marking your work. 3) Can you answer the question, which she asked yesterday? 4) He’s looking for his homework, which he did last week. 5) We will give him the information, which he needs. 6) He’s visiting his grandparents, who want to buy him a new bike. Ich gehe in der Stadtmitte einkaufen, die viele Geschäfte hat. Nächste Woche musst du deinen Lehrer sehen, der deine Arbeit korrigiert. Kannst du die Frage antworten, die sie gestern gestellt hat? Er sucht seine Hausaufgabe, die er letzte Woche gemacht hat. Wir werden ihm die Information geben, die er braucht. Er besucht seine großeltern, die ihn ein neues Rad kaufen will.