Present Perfect Tense chomp! chomp!.

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1 Present Perfect Tense chomp! chomp!

2 Principle Parts of Verbs
Every German verb has three basic forms. We call these the principle parts of the verb

3 Let’s talk about weak verbs…
These “parts” combine and change in various ways to form all tenses, voices, and moods of the verb. They are the… Infinitive Simple past Past participle Let’s talk about weak verbs… Verbs are classified as weak, strong, or irregular, depending on how they form their second and third part.

4 Infinitive to travel to dance to learn reisen tanzen lernen Simple Past traveled danced learned reiste tanzte lernte Past Participle (ist) gereist getanzt gelernt

5 This is the case for verbs that end in
Just like we learned in the last lesson…some verbs require an “e” between the stem and ending for pronunciation This is the case for verbs that end in -d, -t, -m, or -n sung was chosing drove No change is necessary.

6 Infinitive to work to breathe to open arbeiten atmen öffnen Simple Past worked breathed opened arbeitete atmete öffnete Past Participle gearbeitet geatmet geöffnet

7 Verbs ending in –ieren are usually weak.
Infinitives with more than two syllables do not have a ge- prefix in the participle.

8 Infinitive To discuss To facinate To study diskutierten fazinierten studieren Simple Past discussed facinated studied diskutierte faszinierte studierte Past Participle diskutiert fasziniert studiert

9 I’ve heard enough about the weak! I want to hear about the strong verbs!

10 Strong Verbs There are not as many strong verbs as weak, but they are frequently used verbs such as essen, trinken, sprechen, gehen, and schlafen. They experience a stem vowel change in the simple past and often the participle. The principal parts must be memorized.

11 Infinitive to bite to fly to give to sing beißen fliegen geben singen Simple Past bit flew gave sang biss flog gab Past Participle bitten flown given gebissen (ist) geflogen gegeben gesungen

12 Sein and werden are strong verbs
Infinitive to be to become sein werden Simple Past was became war wurde Past Participle been become (ist) gewesen (ist) geworden

13 75 Common verbs you need to know:
beginnen, begann, begonnen (to begin) beißen, biss, gebissen (to bite) bieten, bot, geboten (to offer) binden, band, gebunden (to tie, bind) bitten, bat, gebeten (to ask for, request) bleiben, blieb, ist geblieben (to stay, remain) brechen, brach, gebrochen (to break) brennen, brannte, gebrannt (to burn) bringen, brachte, gebracht (to bring)

14 denken, dachte, gedacht (to think)
essen, aß, gegessen (to eat) fahren, fuhr, ist gefahren (to travel, drive) fallen, fiel, ist gefallen (to fall) finden, fand, gefunden (to find) fliegen, flog, ist geflogen (to fly) fließen, floss, ist geflossen (to flow) fressen, fraß, gefressen (to eat-animals only!) frieren, fror, gefroren (to freeze) geben, gab, gegeben (to give) gehen, ging, ist gegangen

15 genießen, genoss, genossen (to enjoy)
geschehen, geschah, ist geschehen (to happen) gewinnen, gewann, gewonnen (to win) gießen, goss, gegossen (to pour) graben, grub, gegraben (to dig) greifen, griff, gegriffen (to grip, grab) haben, hatte, gehabt (to have) halten, hielt, gehalten (to stop, hold) hängen, hing, gehangen (to hang) heißen, heiß, geheißen (to be called)

16 helfen, half, geholfen (to help)
kennen, kannte, gekannt (to know, be aquainted with) klingen, klang, geklungen (to sound) kommen, kam, ist gekommen (to come) lassen, ließt, gelassen (to let, leave) laufen, lief, ist gelaufen (to run, walk) leihen, lieh, geliehen (to lend) lesen, las, gelesen (to read) liegen, lag, gelegen (to lie, be situated) lügen, log, gelogen (to tell a lie)

17 nennen, nannte genannt (to name,call)
reißen, riss, ist gerissen (to tear, rip) rennen, rannte, ist gerannt (to run) rufen, rief, gerufen (to call) schlafen, schlief, geschlafen (to sleep) schlagen, schlug, geschlagen (to hit, beat) schließen, schloss, geschlossen (to close) schneiden, schnitt, geschnitten (to cut) schreiben, schrieb, geschrieben (to write) schwimmen, schwamm, ist geschwommen (to swim)

18 sehen, sah, gesehen (to see)
sein, war, ist gewesen (to be) singen, sang, gesungen (to sing) sinken, sank, ist gesunken (to sink) sitzen, saß, gesessen (to sit) sprechen, sprach, gesprochen (to speak) springen, sprang, ist gesprungen (to jump) stehen, stand, ist gestanden (to stand) steigen, stieg, ist gestiegen (to climb) sterben, starb, ist gestorben (to die)

19 tragen, trug, getragen (to wear)
treffen, traf, getroffen (to meet) treten, trat, getreten (to step, kick) trinken, trank, getrunken (to drink) tun, tat, getan (to do) vergessen, vergaß, vergessen (to forget) verlieren, verlor, verloren (to lose) verschwinden, verschwand, ist verschwunden (to disappear) wachsen, wuchs, ist gewachsen (to grow) waschen, wusch, gewaschen (to wash)

20 wenden, wandte, gewandt (to turn)
werden, wurde, ist geworden (to become) werfen, warf, geworfen (to throw) wissen, wusste, gewusst (to know) ziehen, zog, gezogen (to pull, draw) ziehen, zog, ist gezogen (to go, move) WHOA! That seems like a lot of verbs! …good thing you already know them!

21 Here’s another rule to know: Verbs with separable prefixes put a
–ge- between the prefix and root verb. Beispiele: Mitnehmen, nahm mit, mitgenommen (to take along)

22 Verbs with inseparable prefixes (be-, emp-, ent-, er-, ge-, miss-, ver-, and zer-) do not at ge-.

23 Formation of DAS PERFEKT
haben or sein + past participle It’s all about the form! ich habe gesehen du hast gesehen er/sie/es hat gesehen wir haben gesehen ihr habt gesehen sie haben gesehen Sie haben gesehen ich bin gekommen du bist gekommen er/sie/es hat gekommen wir sind gekommen ihr seid gekommen sie sind gekommen Sie sind gekommen

24 Rules to note: The helping verb haben or sein is the verb that agrees with the subject. The helping verb – being the conjugated verb – goes in second position Verb 2, the participle, goes at the end of the sentence.

25 Der Gast hat in einer Pension gewohnt.
Partner gespräch: restate each sentence twice, changing the subject as suggested. Beispiel: Marion und ihre Mutter haben in einer Pension gewohnt. (der Gast, ich) Der Gast hat in einer Pension gewohnt. Ich habe in einer Pension gewohnt.

26 Michael hat ihr Gepäck ins Zimmer gebracht. (Herr und Frau Händel, wir)
Marion hat viele Fotos gemacht. (die Gäste, ihr) Sie haben den Park besucht. (du, Frau Händel) Herr Braun hat am Abend gearbeitet. (ich, Monika)

27 I worked I did work Ich habe I was working gearbeitet I have worked
REWIND! The present perfect tense in German can express an one of these past tenses in English. I worked I did work I was working I have worked Ich habe gearbeitet

28 REWIND! The basic structure: Subject + haben/sein + participle 2nd position! Ich + habe + gefragt Du + hast + gefragt Er + hat + gefragt

29 Schreiben: rewrite the sentences in the present perfect tense.
Beispiel: Frau Koslowski macht einen Eintopf. Frau Koslowski hat einen Eintopf gemacht.

30 Herr Schmidt kauft zwei Eintrittskarten für das Fußball spiel.
Jorgen arbeitet schwer. Sie bringt die Ostereier mit. Lars spielt Nintendo. Marion denkt nicht mehr an Rüdiger.

31 Ich habe das schon gemacht!: Say you have already done that.
Beispeil: Das Museum besuchen Ich habe das Museum schon besucht. Mach einen langen Spaziergang. Spiel Karten Frag im Hotel Kauf ein interressantes Buch

32 Bilde Fragen mit du im Perfekt.
Beispiel: gestern / arbeiten Hast du gestern gearbeitet? Gestern Abend / tanzen Heute Morgen / Musik hören Hausaufgaben / machen Oft / Tischtennis spielen Gestern / Deutsch lernen

33 2:00 Partnerarbeit Stell die Fragen an deinen Partner / deine Partnerin. Mach dir dabei Notizen. Erzähl der Klasse, was dein Partner / deine Partnerin gemacht und nicht gemacht hat.

34 You cannot join two sentences with a comma!
You cannot run together two sentences with no punctuation!

35 Fix the error with a comma and a coordinating conjunction.
Andre sank a perfect basket from half court, but the coach’s back was turned. Andre sank a perfect basket from half court unfortunately the coach’s back was turned. Be my FANBOYS — for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.

36 Fix the error with a semicolon.
Andre sank a perfect basket from half court; unfortunately, the coach’s back was turned. Andre sank a perfect basket from half court unfortunately the coach’s back was turned. Use the semicolon sparingly — 3 to 4 times per essay, max.

37 Fix the error with a subordinate conjunction.
Andre sank a perfect basket from half court after the coach’s back was turned. Andre sank a perfect basket from half court unfortunately the coach’s back was turned. Reduce one of the two clauses to an incomplete thought.

38 These are the subordinate conjunctions.
after although as because before even though if, even if in order that once provided that since so [that implied], so that than that though unless when, whenever where, wherever, whereas whether while

39 Remember these general punctuation rules when subordinating one of the clauses in the error.
Subordinate clause main clause. + , + Main clause + Ø + subordinate clause.

40 Dropping the comma after court is like a championship game turnover!
Here’s our sample: Although Andre sank a perfect basket from half court, the coach’s back was turned. Andre sank a perfect basket from half court after the coach’s back was turned. Adding an unnecessary comma is like grandstanding when a teammate is open! Dropping the comma after court is like a championship game turnover!

41 Quick Test Directions: In the items that follow, choose the option that corrects an error in the underlined portion(s). If no error exists, choose “No change is necessary.” Show me you got game!

42 Item 1 The dogs drooled while we ate slices of hot A
pizza, but the cat feigned nonchalance even B C though we knew that she wanted a pepperoni. drooled. While pizza, but nonchalance. Even No change is necessary. The dogs drooled while we ate slices of hot pizza but the cat feigned nonchalance even though we knew that she wanted a pepperoni. drooled. While pizza, but nonchalance. Even No change is necessary. The dogs drooled while we ate slices of hot A pizza but the cat feigned nonchalance even B C though we knew that she wanted a pepperoni. drooled. While pizza, but nonchalance. Even No change is necessary.

43 Item 2 Mary Ellen screamed, her roommate’s pet tarantula crawled out of the bag of popcorn. screamed her screamed; because, her screamed as her No change is necessary. Mary Ellen screamed, her roommate’s pet tarantula crawled out of the bag of popcorn. screamed her screamed; because, her screamed as her No change is necessary. Mary Ellen screamed, her roommate’s pet tarantula crawled out of the bag of popcorn. screamed her screamed; because, her screamed as her No change is necessary.

44 Item 3 Running late with dinner, Elizabeth fussed with A
seasonings and wiped spots off the B glasses while the family stared at their empty C plates. dinner; Elizabeth seasonings, and glasses while No change is necessary. Running late with dinner, Elizabeth fussed with seasonings and wiped spots off the glasses. While the family stared at their empty plates. dinner; Elizabeth seasonings, and glasses while No change is necessary. Running late with dinner, Elizabeth fussed with A seasonings and wiped spots off the B glasses. While the family stared at their empty C plates. dinner; Elizabeth seasonings, and glasses while No change is necessary.

45 Item 4 Everyone scrambled off the lakeside patio. When the 10-foot alligator lumbered onto shore. patio when patio; when patio, when No change is necessary. Everyone scrambled off the lakeside patio. When the 10-foot alligator lumbered onto shore. patio when patio; when patio, when No change is necessary. Everyone scrambled off the lakeside patio. When the 10-foot alligator lumbered onto shore. patio when patio; when patio, when No change is necessary.

46 Item 5 The glass of iced tea promised thirst-quenching
refreshment. Roseanne, however, had to beat A B Maria to the refrigerator as they raced through C the front door. refreshment. Roseanne however; had refrigerator; as No change is necessary. The glass of iced tea promised thirst-quenching refreshment Roseanne, however, had to beat Maria to the refrigerator as they raced through the front door. refreshment. Roseanne however; had refrigerator; as No change is necessary. The glass of iced tea promised thirst-quenching refreshment Roseanne, however, had to beat A B Maria to the refrigerator as they raced through C the front door. refreshment. Roseanne however; had refrigerator; as No change is necessary.

47 Item 6 Warren wanted to make a good impression on Melody but the soda explosion that soaked his shirt ruined their first meeting. Melody; but, the Melody; however, the Melody, however, the No change is necessary. Warren wanted to make a good impression on Melody but the soda explosion that soaked his shirt ruined their first meeting. Melody; but, the Melody; however, the Melody, however, the No change is necessary. Warren wanted to make a good impression on Melody but the soda explosion that soaked his shirt ruined their first meeting. Melody; but, the Melody; however, the Melody, however, the No change is necessary.

48 Item 7 Because of the hot sun, ice cream ran down the A
cone and coated Randall’s fingers, for his tongue B C couldn’t keep up. sun; ice cream cone, and fingers, for his No change is necessary. Because of the hot sun, ice cream ran down the cone and coated Randall’s fingers, his tongue couldn’t keep up. sun; ice cream cone, and fingers, for his No change is necessary. Because of the hot sun, ice cream ran down the A cone and coated Randall’s fingers, his tongue B C couldn’t keep up. sun; ice cream cone, and fingers, for his No change is necessary.

49 Item 8 Wanda took a deep breath and got ready to yell. Because Paul was about to explain why his half of the rent would be late again. yell, because yell because yell for No change is necessary. Wanda took a deep breath and got ready to yell. Because Paul was about to explain why his half of the rent would be late again. yell, because yell because yell for No change is necessary. Wanda took a deep breath and got ready to yell. Because Paul was about to explain why his half of the rent would be late again. yell, because yell because yell for No change is necessary.

50 Item 9 After Simon bought roses for Emily, he spotted A
Derek’s car in her driveway and realized that this B gesture would not repair the relationship or win C back her love. Emily. he driveway. And relationship; or No change is necessary. After Simon bought roses for Emily, he spotted Derek’s car in her driveway and realized that this gesture would not repair the relationship or win back her love. Emily. he driveway. And relationship; or No change is necessary. After Simon bought roses for Emily, he spotted A Derek’s car in her driveway and realized that this B gesture would not repair the relationship or win C back her love. Emily. he driveway. And relationship; or No change is necessary.

51 Item 10 Since Larry had studied for hours; he was relieved to find a big red A at the top of his grammar quiz. hours he hours. He hours, he No change is necessary. Since Larry had studied for hours; he was relieved to find a big red A at the top of his grammar quiz. hours he hours. He hours, he No change is necessary. Since Larry had studied for hours; he was relieved to find a big red A at the top of his grammar quiz. hours he hours. He hours, he No change is necessary.

52 Grammar Bytes! provides additional handouts and exercises on fragments, comma splices, and fused sentences. Go to chompchomp.com! chomp! chomp!

53 The End.

54 beginnen beißen bieten binden bitten bleiben brechen brennen bringen