The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future Thorsten Koch IGeLU 2013, Freie Universität Berlin 1

Dreams I: The digital Assistent Assistant / Adjutant / Secretary Assistent from Latin assistentia, (mostly academically educated) aid Adjutant from the Latin adjutans, present participle of adjuvare, to help. It is an officer who assists a more senior officer. Secretary from Latin secernere, to distinguish or to set apart. A secretarius was a person, overseeing business confidentially. As the duties of a modern secretary often still include the handling of confidential information, the literal meaning of their title still holds true. Google Now is an intelligent personal assistant. It uses a natural language user interface to answer questions, make recommendations, and perform actions by delegating requests to a set of web services. Along with answering user-initiated queries, Google Now passively delivers information to the user that it predicts they will want, based on their search habits. from Wikipedia The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future2

Searching Stereotypes The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future3

The digital Assistent Now you can ask your (digital) assistant: What is this music I hear? Get it for me! Who is this person I see there? Give me some background info! When did we meet last? Show last conversation! Where do I have to go? (Just arrived at the destination airport. Calendar knows where you want to go, phone knows where you are, server knows how to get there including traffic information, so … Taxi, Train, Bus? Or automatically send a message you will not be in time. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future4

Information The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future5 All information everywhere and anytime adjusted to your personal situation and preferences.

Information The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future6

Not much typing anymore The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future7

Glasses are coming The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future8

Augmented reality / more likely The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future9

Dreams II: The Kindle Access to lots of (in principle all) books immediately, everywhere Remembers where I stopped reading Allows reading in the dark Notes/remarks without messing up the book No shelf space needed Books are searchable Comes with dictionary and translator Allows Wikipedia lookups It could be the magic one book you really need The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future10

History The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future11

Centralize or Decentralize? 1960 Batch processing (ancient past) User share one computer one after the other Multiuser Timesharing with Terminals (centralized IT) User share one computer at the same time. Start of the Mini-computer development Personal Computer (PC) (decentralized IT) Each user has its own (small) computer Networked PC and Client-Server Computing PC with access to centralized data / programs The Empire strikes back: Virtual Machines and Thin-Clients Consolidating from PC to Computing Center with new kind of terminals Extension of the Internet and Web 2.0 The Web becomes ubiquitous and interactive Smartphones 2010 Cloud Computing (decentralized centralized IT) The Internet is the Mainframe and the browser the terminal. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future12

Umbruch Break Point The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future13

The Information Age / 2nd life is coming Up to 2010 if you wanted to have a computer perform a given service, you had to enter the data. No longer: Smartphone: Knows where you are, who you are communicating with Google Glass: Sees what you see Motorola Moto X: Listens all the time Maps of the world are online, including views of the streets, 3D … Schedules of busses, trains, planes are online, even real-time info Web Calendar: Knows what you intend Kindle: Sees what you read Google: Knows what you are searching for Amazon: Knows what you have bought Facebook: Knows whom you are friends with And the information is now getting connected The Network is getting tighter every day … The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future14

The cloudy promise… The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future15

The Internet 2005 The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future16

Nightmare I: The digital Assistent Whatever your assistant knows, other can/will know: Where you are Where you go What you look at Who you talk to What you read What you view What you hear What you write What you buy What you are looking for, what you are interested in How fast you read, your comments And all of it is searchable. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future17

The New York Times, July 17, 2009 In George Orwells 1984, government censors erase all traces of news articles embarrassing to Big Brother by sending them down an incineration chute called the memory hole. On Friday it was 1984 and another Orwell book, Animal Farm, that were dropped down the memory hole by Amazon.com. In a move that angered customers and generated waves of online pique, Amazon remotely deleted some digital editions of the books from the Kindle devices of readers who had bought them. An Amazon spokesman, Drew Herdener, said in an message that the books were added to the Kindle store by a company that did not have rights to them, using a self-service function. When we were notified of this by the rights holder, we removed the illegal copies from our systems and from customers devices, and refunded customers, he said. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future18

Han Solo shoot first The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future19

The Libraries There is no way to ensure the access to an computerized work on a networked machine. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future20

Data about you changes your options The data known about you, might decide on: What prices are you offered (e.g. for Hotels) What conditions you are offered (e.g. for Loans, Insurances) What ever your assistant is offering you, it might be skewed by advertisement/money paid. Is this your assistant? The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future21

Security Google Street View while filming the streets also collected the data for all WLAN encountered. All Android devices send the WLAN keys (for backup) unencrypted to the Google server. Google has to give all the data to the U.S. government. Also the Your ISP has to give all the data to the government. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future22

Why capitalism is superior Imagine a classical communist government, e.g. GDR. The government typically spends huge amounts of money and effort to spy on their own citizens, in this case the Ministry for State Security (Stasi) employed about 274,000 people (officially). Now imagine, they would have developed the iPhone and the xbox one. As they are used to, they would have forced every citizen to have one. With the iPhone they would know, where everybody is, who he/she communicates with, etc. With the xbox one … The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future23

Xbox one The console's prominent use of the Kinect sensor was the subject of concerns surrounding its potential use for surveillance, stemming from the originally announced requirement that the peripheral be plugged in at all times for the console to operate. Privacy advocates contended that the increased amount of data which could be collected with the new Kinect (such as a person's eye movements, heart rate, and mood) could be used for targeted advertising. Concerns were also raised that the device could also record conversations, as its microphone remains active at all times. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future24

The capitalistic way The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future25

They who can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety. --- Benjamin Franklin, (1775) The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future26

Thank you very much! The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future27

The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future28 Questions?

oogle Street View while filming the streets also collected the data for all WLAN encountered. All Android devices send the WLAN keys (for backup) unencrypted to the Google server. Google has to give all the data to the U.S. government. Also the Your ISP has to give all the data to the government. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future29

Books do not change How do we achieve this for digital content. How do we achieve anonymity The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future30

Hardware + Software together again The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future31

The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future32

Kauft Online bei Amazon Amazon speichert alle Käufe, die man getätigt hat Amazon speichert alle Artikel, die man sich ansieht Amazon macht sehr gute Vorschläge, was man haben möchte Amazon weiß, was man liest (Kindle) Amazon weiß, was man sieht (DVD, DVD-Verleih) Amazon weiß, was man hört (CD, Online Musik Shop (Apple auch)) Amazon weiß, was man mag The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future33 Amazon hat legal erworbene eBooks von den Kindle-Geräten seiner Kunden gelöscht. Betroffen waren ausgerechnet die Romane 1984 und Animal Farm des britischen Schriftstellers George Orwell. Amazon erklärte, die Bücher seien von einer Firma den Kindle-Store eingestellt worden, die die dazu nötigen Rechte nicht besaß; Amazon habe auf Hinweis des tatsächlichen Rechteinhabers gehandelt und die Synchronisierungsfunktion des Kindle zum Löschen der verkauften Bücher genutzt.

Sammelt Freunde bei Facebook Facebook kennt die Kontakte Community tagging verknüpft die Informationen Mitglieder markieren die Personen auf den Bildern Facebook weiß auch viel über Nicht-Mitglieder Facebook gibt Daten gerne weiter The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future34 Eine schwedische Software-Firma hat eine Handy-Anwendung entwickelt, die Informationen über fremde Menschen anzeigt, wenn man mit der Smartphone-Kamera auf sie zielt.

Elektronik hat ein Gedächtnis Es ist bekannt: Wo man ist und war Was man macht und gemacht hat Mit wem man kommuniziert und kommuniziert hat Was einem gefällt Welche Gewohnheiten man hat Derzeit noch nicht: Was man gerade sieht.... (kommt) demnächst. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future35 Misst deine Herzfrequenz, Distanz, Tempo, Schrittfrequenz, Kalorienverbrauch und verstrichene Zeit. Kann mit synchronisiert werden, wo du deine Fortschritte verfolgen, dir eine detaillierte Laufanalyse anzeigen und Online-Feedback zu deinem Training einholen kannst

Ist das ein Problem? The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future36

Vielleicht eine Chance! The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future37

Wie Praktisch Das erlaubt endlich einen intelligenten elektronischen Sekretär Wenn aus dem Terminkalender bekannt ist, dass ich einen Kontakt treffen will, kann man aus der Kontaktdatenbank ersehen, wo dies stattfinden wird und mit Hilfe der Gewohnheitsinformationen einen gutes Angebot für den Weg/Tickets usw. machen. Unterwegs ist das Ziel bekannt, es kann also ständig über die günstigsten Alternativen zum Ziel informiert werden, ohne dass Eingaben notwendig sind. Es besteht grundsätzlich die Möglichkeit, aufgrund der Informationen vorausschauend abgestimmte Angebote zu machen Das ist der Weg aus der Informationsflut. Man wird zunehmend erwarten, nicht mit irrelevanten Informationen/Angeboten behelligt zu werden. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future38

Das Dorf kommt zurück Es ist alles über uns bekannt, aber wir wissen auch sehr viel mehr über alles Restaurantbewertungen im Internet: Unser Assistent weiß, dass wir um diese Zeit meistens essen Er weiß, wo wir sind Er weiß, was wir gerne essen Er kennt die Bewertungen der Restaurants im Internet Da kommt die Empfehlung … Der Assistent weiß, dass wir gerade im Restaurant waren: Ein Klick und die Bewertung ist im Internet 30 Gäste in den letzten 2 Stunden fanden das Essen in diesem Restaurant schlecht. The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future39

Bedeutung für Bibliotheken Der Nutzer erwartet zunehmend, dass man ihn kennt Dass man weiß, welche Interessen er hat und wie er üblicherweise entscheidet Informationen müssen immer und überall zugreifbar sein Warum bekommt eine Studentin im 3. Semester nicht automatisch ein eBook Paket mit der relevanten Literatur für die Kurse, die sie belegt hat unter Berücksichtigung der Bücher, die sie im Vorsemester genutzt hat? Mein Computer kennt alle Artikel, die ich gespeichert und die Bibliographien, die ich zusammengestellt habe. Warum gibt es keinen Dienst, der mich gezielt auf neue Artikel hinweist, die mich interessieren? The imperfect past, the insufficient present, and the absolutely perfect future40