TENSES There are six tenses in English + German present tense: I sing. Ich singe. simple past: I sang. Ich sang. present perfect: I have sung. Ich habe.

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 Präsentation transkript:

TENSES There are six tenses in English + German present tense: I sing. Ich singe. simple past: I sang. Ich sang. present perfect: I have sung. Ich habe gesungen past perfect: I had sung. Ich hatte gesungen. future I will sing. Ich werde singen. future perfect I will have sung. Ich werde gesungen haben.

to form the present perfect tense in German you need an auxilliary verb HABEN or SEIN the past participle a. regular verbs: ge + stem + (e)t kaufen: gekauft kosten: gekostet b. irregular verbs: ge +[ special form ]+e n kommen: gekommen nehmen: genommen

auxilliaries HABEN is used as a rule Ich habe gestern das Buch gelesen. Er hat am Wochenende viel gearbeitet. Wir haben am Sonntag lange geschlafen. Er hat seine Hausaufgaben noch nicht gemacht

auxilliaries SEIN is used with verbs indicating a change of position gehen, fahren, laufen Ich bin gestern nach new Minas gefahren Bist du gestern abend in die Axe gegangen? or condition einschlafen, aufwachen Ich heute morgen schon um fünf Uhr augewacht and the verbs sein and bleiben Ich bin gestern abend zu Hause gewesen.

There are some small irregularities in forming the past participle in German: 1.verbs ending in - ieren studierenstudiert gratulierengratuliert 2. verbs with an inseparable prefix erzählenerzählt verstehenverstanden 3. verbs with a separable prefix abreisenabgereist ankommenangekommen

... and there is absolutely no alternative to memorizing the irregular past participles

the past participle a. regular verbs: ge + stem + (e)t kaufen: gekauft kosten: gekostet b. irregular verbs: ge +[special form]+e n kommen: gekommen nehmen: genommen

Present Perfect Tense incl. modal Present tense: Ich rufe dich an. Perfect tense : Ich habe dich angerufen Present tense: Ich muß dich anrufen. Perfect tense: Ich habe dich anrufen müssen _____________________________________ In the perfect tense modals appear at the end of the phrase in the infinitive! The aux. for modals is always “HABEN”

Present Perfect Tense incl. modal Present tense: Peter muß nach Hause gehen Perfect tense : Peter hat nach Hause gehen müssen. Present tense: Du sollst Peter anrufen. Perfect tense: Du hast Peter anrufen sollen Present tense: Uli kann mein Auto fahren. Perfect tense: Uli hat mein Auto fahren können