TENSES There are six tenses in English + German

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 Präsentation transkript:

TENSES There are six tenses in English + German present tense: I sing. Ich singe. simple past: I sang. Ich sang. present perfect: I have sung. Ich habe gesungen past perfect: I had sung. Ich hatte gesungen. future I will sing. Ich werde singen. future perfect I will have sung. Ich werde gesungen haben.

To form the present perfect tense in German you need an auxiliary verb & HABEN or SEIN the past participle a. regular verbs: ge + stem + (e)t kaufen: gekauft kosten: gekostet b. irregular verbs: ge +[special form]+e n kommen: gekommen nehmen: genommen

auxiliaries HABEN is used as a rule Ich habe gelesen. Er hat gearbeitet. Wir haben geschlafen.

auxiliaries SEIN is used with verbs indicating a change of position or location gehen, fahren, laufen Sie ist um acht Uhr aufgestanden. Ich bin gestern nach new Minas gefahren Bist du gestern abend in die Axe gegangen? or condition einschlafen, aufwachen Ich heute morgen schon um fünf Uhr augewacht and the verbs sein and bleiben Ich bin gestern abend zu Hause gewesen.

Irregular Forms studieren studiert erzählen erzählt abreisen abgereist There are some small irregularities in forming the past participle in German: 1. verbs ending in - ieren studieren studiert gratulieren gratuliert 2. verbs with an inseparable prefix erzählen erzählt verstehen verstanden 3. verbs with a separable prefix abreisen abgereist ankommen angekommen

... and there is absolutely no alternative to memorizing the irregular past participles