Proteins Lennart Voß Marie Ullrich. 1. Central questions What are proteins? How does the human body produce proteins? Which functions do proteins fulfill?

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1 Proteins Lennart Voß Marie Ullrich

2 1. Central questions What are proteins? How does the human body produce proteins? Which functions do proteins fulfill?

3 2. Amino acids Hydrocarbon with acid and amino group Linked by peptide bonds Proteins are built out of at least 100 amino acids

4 3. Structure Primary structure Secondary structure Tertiary structure Quaternary structure

5 3. Structure http://cmgm.stanford.edu/biochem201/Slides/Protein%20Structure/Alpha%2 0Helices.JPGhttp://cmgm.stanford.edu/biochem201/Slides/Protein%20Structure/Alpha%2 0Helices.JPG, date of access: 27.04.2015

6 3. Structure http://www2.chemie.uni-erlangen.de/projects/vsc/chemie-mediziner- neu/aminosaeuren/sek_b1.htmlhttp://www2.chemie.uni-erlangen.de/projects/vsc/chemie-mediziner- neu/aminosaeuren/sek_b1.html, © Prof. Dr. J. Gasteiger, Dr. A. Schunk, CCC Univ. Erlangen, Mon Nov 26 17:05:30 2001 GMT, date of access: 27.04.2015

7 4. Protein biosynthesis Transkription = m-RNA is built as a copy of a DNA section Translation = t-RNA connects to m-RNA, amino acids on t-RNA get connected and built a protein

8 5. Enzymes Catalyze chemical reactions Work by lock and key model

9 6. Membrane proteins Some small molecules can diffuse through membranes Bigger molecules need to be transported by membrane proteins

10 7. Further functions Structure proteins e.g. collagen Animal toxins Hormones e.g. insulin

11 8. Summary Proteins… Are built out of a lot of amino acids form extremely complex structures fulfill a lot of different and important functions in human bodys

12 9. References Dr. W. Baltes, Lebensmittelchemie, Springer- Verlag, 1. Auflage, S.107-121 Prof. Dr. W. Probst, P. Schuchardt Biologie – Basiswissen Schule, Duden Schulbuchverlag, 2. Auflage, S.169-170 P. Karlson, Kurzes Lehrbuch der Biochemie, Georg Thieme Verlag, 11. Auflage, S.38-53 C. A. Schlieper, Grundfragen der Ernährung, Dr. Felix Büchner – Verlag Handwerk und Technik, 7. Auflage, S.79-86